The note serves as an introduction to the fertilizer sector in Pakistan. It explores the position of major players in the market such as the suppliers, matching with the factors that drive the demand for fertilizers, and the moderating role of the government in the form of regulator. 

The purpose of this case is to observe the current maintenance options in practice, and to assess the impact of a decentralized maintenance system on the functionality status of biomedical equipment across districts. The objective is also to highlight the need for an efficient maintenance regime in accordance with the nature of the equipment to ensure cost and downtime minimization.

The case recounts the origin story of a fast food restaurant, Johnny and Jugnu. The origin story is then supplemented by details of the decisions made about the Marketing Mix

This case study under examination describes and discusses the issues faced by Rizwan Ghani, the Business Unit Manager Carton. The company after expanding its operations and forming various business units central to the functioning of the organization came across certain economic and cultural challenges

The case’s teaching objectives are:

1. To explain the notions and complexity of organisational culture and employee engagement.

2. To illustrate the linkage of employee engagement with human resource management including performance and reward management.

Note: The case has been disguised to protect the identity of the organisation.

The case hones in on the audit dynamics and defense presented by the audit firm (A. F. Ferguson & Co. Chartered Accountants) for the year 2013, to assess the shortcomings in the conduct of the audit of Tri-Pack’s financial statements for that year’s end.